Indian Republic Day

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial; line-height: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial; line-height: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial; line-height: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #073763;">HAPPY REPUBLIC DAY</span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial; line-height: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #073763;"><br /></span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial; line-height: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial; line-height: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px;">I</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">t was the Lahore session of the Indian National Congress (INC) at midnight of December 31,1929 - January 1,1930 that the Tri-Color Flag was unfurled by the Nationlists and a pledge taken that every year on January 26, the Independence Day would be celebrated and that the people would unceasingly strive for the establishment<br />of a sovereign Democratic Republic of India. The professed pledge was successfully redeemed on January 26,1950, when the constitution of India framed by the Constituent Assembly of India canre into force, although the Independence from British rule was achieved on August 15,1947.<br />It is because of this that August 15 is celebrated as Independence Day, while January 26 as Republic Day. ?* DID YOU KNOW *<br />The most spectancular celebrations include the march past of Three Armed Forces, massive parades folk dances by tribal folk from the different states in pictureque costumes marking the cultural unity of India. Further, the streak of Jet Planes of Indian Air Force (IAF), leaving a Trial of Coloured Smoke (Orange,White,Green),<br />marks the end of festival. The trees of both sides of the routes and the lawns become alive with spectators. The president of India at New Delhi, on this most colourful day, takes salute of the contingents of Armed Forces. In the states, the Governors take salute,<br />and in talukas and Administrative Headquarters on same procedure is adopted. At Vijay Chowk in New Delhi, three days later (i.e 29th January) the massed bands of the Armed Forces Beat the Retreat in a Majestic manner.</span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial; line-height: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial; line-height: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial; line-height: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial; line-height: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial; line-height: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div> </div>

Indian Republic Day

HAPPY REPUBLIC DAY I t was the Lahore session of the Indian National Congress (INC) at midnight of December 31,1929 - January 1,...

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THE DYNAMIC UNITY OF REALITY

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px;"></span><br /> <div> <a href="http://peperonity.com/go/media/13333885%213" style="color: blue; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><img alt="THE DYNAMIC UNITY OF REALITY : - dynamic reality" hspace="0" src="http://f0.pepst.com/c/418BCC/487231/ssc3/home/039/physics.subha/dynamic_reality.jpg_480_480_0_64000_0_1_0.jpg" vspace="0" /></a></div> <div> <div class="space2" style="padding-bottom: 0.5em; padding-top: 0.5em;"> <div class="hr" style="border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; color: #aaaaaa;"> <span></span></div> </div> </div> <div> Both ancient and modern philosophers have deduced that reality is a dynamic unity. Ancient Indian Philosophy and Greek Philosophy, and later western philosophers used the logic of philosophy and metaphysics (i.e. understanding necessary connection) to assert that all matter and motion (the entire universe) was derived from one substance.<br />The Wave Structure of Matter confirms their deductions that one substance (Space) must exist to explain how matter is interconnected across the universe.<br />The following quotes from Heraclitus, Aristotle, Gottfried Leibniz, Immanuel Kant, F. H. Bradley, Franz Brentano, Michael Faraday, James Clerk Maxwell, Friedrich Nietzsche, Hendrik Lorentz, Albert Einstein, Erwin Schrödinger, John Archibald Wheeler, Fritjof Capra and David Bohm are important in this. foundation of Metaphysics / Physical Reality</div> </div>

THE DYNAMIC UNITY OF REALITY

Both ancient and modern philosophers have deduced that reality is a dynamic unity. Ancient Indian Philosophy and Greek Philosophy...

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(five_basic_instincts): THE FIVE BASIC INSTINCTS As already ...

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px;"></span><br /> <div> <div align="center"> <div> <a href="http://peperonity.com/go/media/9442676%213" style="outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;"><img alt="(five_basic_instincts): THE FIVE BASIC INSTINCTS As already stated, we are, al" hspace="0" src="http://f0.pepst.com/c/3B0D40/995000/ssc3/home/027/photo.subha/albums/five_basic_instincts.jpg_480_480_0_64000_0_1_0.jpg" vspace="0" /></span></a></div> </div> </div> <div> <div> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">(five_basic_instincts): THE FIVE BASIC INSTINCTS As already stated, we are, all of us, animals first and moral, intelligent beings second. Our humanity is the evolution of civilization based on intellect and not the biology given to us by natural selection. Our instincts, on the other hand, are a product of 'pre-wired' brain physiology common to all species on the planet. They are certainly more evolved in Homo Sapien than other animals, but present, non-the-less, in the great diversity of life.There are two basic instincts from which we derive our survival concepts. These instincts are present in information supplied by DNA and controlled by the nucleotide sequences of our genes. They are most certainly primordial, and predate even Cambrian life forms. They are, simply, self preservation and reproductive. All living creatures as old as life itself have these two instincts. They help keep us alive, make us aware of predators or danger, and help us pass our species adaptations to the next generation.</span></div> </div> </div>

(five_basic_instincts): THE FIVE BASIC INSTINCTS As already ...

(five_basic_instincts): THE FIVE BASIC INSTINCTS As already stated, we are, all of us, animals first and moral, intelligent beings...

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PRIMAL INSTINCTS; THAT GOVERN HUMANS

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px;">PROLOGUE:<br /><br />Human life is peculiar. At first glance, it may seem that what we do, we do it own our own. But, hold on! We are not such a free entities as we think we are! It may seem to be so outlandish idea, but it is true that we are slaves of our instincts! So what are those instincts? From where they originate? There are lots of questions regarding our instincts that have been baffling philosophers since time immemorial. If we try to understand the underlying dynamics of our thought processes and the basis of our behaviours and impulse, we shall have to understand the processes of Human Evolution and the ability to transfer information along the vertical generations after generations.<br /><br />In the course of the last 4.5 billion years of evolution by natural selection, the planet has </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px;">produced a prodigious number of living species, both current and extinct. The basic composition of the DNA in all cases has changed very little over this time, but has produced a great variety of possible combination and exquisite creatures, including man.In spite of some obvious physical differences, the molecular biology of life has evolved a common architecture in response to the environment of this planet that is common to all life forms. Basic body, appendages of some type, and a head with two eyes, two ears, a mouth, etc. Whether a fish, a wasp, a cat, or a human, the basic form is identical. DNA has been the carrier of 'locator genes' which determine this basic shape, function, and relative placement of body parts. As we move down the evolutionary ladder to invertebrates and single celled micro-organisms, this distinction becomes less obvious, but the rudiments of earth based architecture are apparent never-the-less.</span></div>

PRIMAL INSTINCTS; THAT GOVERN HUMANS

PROLOGUE: Human life is peculiar. At first glance, it may seem that what we do, we do it own our own. But, hold on! We are not such a free ...

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THE LEGEND OF CRICKET : SACHIN TENDULKAR

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; color: silver; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px;"></span><br /> <div> <a href="http://peperonity.com/go/media/16627955%213" style="outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;"><img alt="THE LEGEND OF CRICKET : SACHIN TENDULKAR - sachin tendulkar wallpaper" hspace="0" src="http://f1.pepst.com/c/C779F4/732872/ssc3/home/032/blog.subha/sachin_tendulkar_wallpaper_41.jpg_480_480_0_64000_0_1_0.jpg" vspace="0" /></span></a></div> <div> <div class="space2" style="padding-bottom: 0.5em; padding-top: 0.5em;"> <div class="hr" style="border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;"><span></span></span></div> </div> </div> <div> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar born 24 April 1973, is an Indian cricketer widely regarded as one of the greatest batsmen in the history of cricket. He is the leading run-scorer and century maker in Test and One Day International cricket. He is the only player to score a double century in an innings in the history of ODI cricket.<br /><br />SACHIN TENDULKAR BIOGRAPHY<br /><br />Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar was born on April 24, 1973 in Mumbai, India. He went to Shradashram Vidyamandir, a high school in Mumbai, where he began his cricketing career under his coach Ramakant Achrekar. He attended the MRF Pace Foundation during his schooldays to train as a fast bowler, but Australian fast bowler Dennis Lillee, who saw him training, was not much impressed and suggested that Tendulkar should focus on his batting instead. As... a young boy, Tendulkar would practice for hours at the net, and was driven hard by his coach Achrekar. </span></div> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px;"><br />While at school, his extraordinary batting skills got noticed by the sports circuit. People felt that the young boy would soon become one of the greats in cricket. In the 1988 season, he scored a century in every inning that he played. In one of the inter school matches that year, he had an unbroken 664-run partnership with friend and team mate Vinod Kambli.<br /><br />When he was 14, Indian batting legend Sunil Gavaskar a great Indian batsman of that time, gave him a pair of his own light pads. This touching gesture greatly encouraged the budding cricketer, who 20 years later broke Gavaskar’s world record of 34 Test centuries.<br /><br />In 1988, when he was just under 16, he scored 100 not out in for Bombay against Gujrat. This was on his first-class debut. He then scored a century in his first appearance in the Deodhar and Duleep Trophy. Mumbai captain Dilip Vengsarkar picked him up after seeing him batting Kapil Dev in the nets. That season he was Bombay’s highest run-getter. In the Irani Trophy final, He made an unbeaten century. He scored a century in all three of his Irani Trophy, Ranji Trophy and Duleep Trophy debuts, and became the first player to do so. He was selected for the tour of Pakistan next year.<br /><br />At the very young age of 16, Sachin played his first Test match against Pakistan in Karachi in 1989. In this Test, he received several blows to his body at the hands of Waqar Younis, a pace bowler. He made just 15 runs. In the last test in Sialkot, he had a bloody nose from a bouncer, but he went on playing. He scored better in the subsequent games, scoring 53 runs of 18 balls at Peshawar.<br /><br />In the 1990 Test in England he scored a century at Old Trafford. The English were highly impressed by his disciplined display of immense maturity. He played many types of strokes. His off-side shots from the back foot greatly impressed the English. Though short in height, he confidently faced short deliveries from the English pace bowlers. His great performance made him look the embodiment of Gavaskar, India’s former famous opener.<br /><br />During the 1991-1992 tour of Australia Tendulkar scored and unbeaten 148 in Sydney and another century on a bouncing pitch a Perth.<br /><br />At the age of 19, Tendulkar was in England, playing for Yorkshire in 1992. He scored 1070 runs at an average of 45.25 while playing for the English county as the first overseas player.<br /><br />In the 2003 Cricket World Cup, he made 873 runs in 11 matches which enabled India reach the final. Although Australia won the trophy Tendulkar was given the Man of the Tournament award.<br /><br />Shortly after this Tendulkar developed a tennis elbow and he was out of cricket for a while. But by 2005, he was back in form. He played well against Australia, Sri Lanka and Pakistan.<br /><br />Tendulkar performed very well against Bangla Desh and he was adjudged the Man of the Series in the Future Cup against South Africa.<br /><br />Today Tendulkar is a national icon to fans all over the world. He is the most worshipped cricketer in the world. Tendulkar has been granted the Padma Vibhushan, Padma Shri, Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna, Arjuna Award, Padma Vibhushan by the Indian government.<br /><br />Personal Life<br /><br />In 1995, Sachin married Anjali, a doctor and the daughter of Gujarati industrialist Anand Mehta. They have two children, Sara and Arjun. Tendulkar now sponsors 200 underprivileged children every year through a Mumbai-based NGO.</span></div>

THE LEGEND OF CRICKET : SACHIN TENDULKAR

Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar born 24 April 1973, is an Indian cricketer widely regarded as one of the greatest batsmen in the history ...

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NEGATIVE CHARACTER from the COMICS WORLD.

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; color: #fffadc; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px;"></span><br /> <div> <div> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">||| villains of comics world |||</span></div> </div> <div> <a href="http://peperonity.com/go/media/11121088%213" style="outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;"><img alt="NEGATIVE CHARACTER from the COMICS WORLD. - magneto" hspace="0" src="http://f1.pepst.com/c/992332/516723/ssc3/home/051/subhankarkarmakar/magneto.jpg_480_480_0_64000_0_1_0.jpg" vspace="0" /></span></a></div> <div> <div class="space2" style="padding-bottom: 0.5em; padding-top: 0.5em;"> <div class="hr" style="border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;"><span></span></span></div> </div> </div> <div> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">MAGNETO: The powerful mutant leader, also the head of the forces of evil in the comics series X-MEN. The Yin to Professor X’s Yang, Magneto will not rest until humanity takes its rightful place, behind that of the world’s superior race, mutants. Magneto has been the leader of a group of mutants whose sole mission is to make a world where mutants rule and humans are left behind on the road of evolution. Adding to the fact that he is arguably one of the most, if not the most powerful super beings in the Marvel universe, Magneto is one of the greatest, tortured villains of all time.<br />COMICS WORLD:<br /><br />Comics are my favorites, I had started to like comics when I was four years old. Since then I have read a large numbers of different types of comics be it Amar Chitra Katha (bengali comics series )...or Indrajal Comics, Marvel or DC comics I devoured all of them equally likely</span></div> </div>

NEGATIVE CHARACTER from the COMICS WORLD.

||| villains of comics world ||| MAGNETO: The powerful mutant leader, also the head of the forces of evil in the comics serie...

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GREAT THINKER : MORTIMER ADLER

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; color: #fffadc; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px;"></span><br /> <div> <div align="center"> <a href="http://peperonity.com/go/media/11163000%213" style="outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;"><img alt="GREAT THINKER : MORTIMER ADLER - px mortimer adler" hspace="0" src="http://f0.pepst.com/c/1BBD8A/815835/ssc3/home/051/subhankarkarmakar/200px_mortimer_adler.jpg_480_480_0_64000_0_1_0.jpg" vspace="0" /></span></a></div> </div> <div> <div class="space2" style="padding-bottom: 0.5em; padding-top: 0.5em;"> <div class="hr" style="border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;"><span></span></span></div> </div> </div> <div> <div align="center"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">When I was on the class IXth under the Secondary Education Board of Assam, our board had decided to say goodbye to the old course and introduced new syllabus. Our new syllabus was much fortified and rich in contents, (although the disastrous overall board result forced SEBA to chop many important portions of the syllabus, but we are grateful for such an wonderful syllabus.) In the English prose section an essay titled as WHAT IS A GREAT BOOK. The essay was authored by Mortimer Adler and that was the first time I heard his name. At that time I had very little knowledge about western philosophy, although, I was already introduced to the different branches of Indian Philosophy, like Adwaityabad, charbak, Jainism besides the discourses of Vedanta by Swami Vivekananda. There was another piece</span></div> </div> <div align="center"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">of article on philosophy by Galileo and the name of the article was FALLING BODIES. Both were great thinkers of their time</span></div> </div>

GREAT THINKER : MORTIMER ADLER

When I was on the class IXth under the Secondary Education Board of Assam, our board had decided to say goodbye to the old cou...

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WHO ARE ANGLO-INDIAN?

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px;"></span><br /> <div> <div> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">||| people & communities |||</span></div> </div> <div> <a href="http://peperonity.com/go/media/14880826%213" style="outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;"><img alt="WHO ARE ANGLO-INDIAN? - india span articlelarge" hspace="0" src="http://f0.pepst.com/c/EEDDF8/816679/ssc3/home/027/photo.subha/15india_span_articlelarge.jpg_480_480_0_64000_0_1_0.jpg" vspace="0" /></span></a></div> <div> <div class="space2" style="padding-bottom: 0.5em; padding-top: 0.5em;"> <div class="hr" style="border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;"><span></span></span></div> </div> </div> <div> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">CALCUTTA —Entering the crumbling mansion of the Lawrence D’Souza Old Age Home here is a visit to a vanishing world.<br /><br />Breakfast tea from a cup and saucer, Agatha Christie murder mysteries and Mills & Boon romances, a weekly visit from the hairdresser, who sets a dowager’s delicate hair in a 1940s-style wave. Sometimes, a tailor comes to the old-style garments beloved by Anglo-Indian women of a certain age. Floral tea dresses, for example.<br /><br />“On Sundays, we listen to jive, although we don’t dance much anymore,” Sybil Martyr, a 96-year-old retired schoolteacher, said with a crisp English accent.<br /><br />“We’re museum pieces,” she said.<br /><br />The definition has varied over time, but under the Indian Constitution the term Anglo-Indian means an Indian citizen whose paternal line can be traced to Europe. Both of Mrs. Martyr’s grandfathers were Scots.<br /><br />Like most Anglo-Indian women of her generation, she has lived all her life in India and has never been to Britain. But she converses only in English. At school, she said, she learned a little Latin and French and enough “kitchen Bengali” to speak to servants.<br /><br />Before 1947, when the British left India, Anglo-Indians — also known at the time as half-castes, blacky-whites and eight annas (there were 16 annas in a rupee, the official currency of India) — formed a distinct community of 300,000 to 500,000 people. Most were employed in the railroads and other government services, and many lived in railroad towns built for them by the British, where their distinctive culture, neither Indian nor British, flourished.<br /><br />But today that culture is fading fast, with Mrs. Martyr’s generation perhaps its last torchbearers.<br /><br />No one is certain how many Anglo-Indians live in India today; they were last counted in a census in 1941. Intermarriage and successive waves of emigration after Indian independence are thought to have reduced their number to 150,000 at most, said Robyn Andrews, a social anthropologist at Massey University in New Zealand.<br /><br />The children and grandchildren of those who stayed have become increasingly assimilated, marrying Indians without European ancestors and adopting local languages.<br /><br />The president of India appoints two Anglo-Indian members of Parliament each session to ensure that the tiny community has political representation. The culture lives on, somewhat, in Anglo-Indian dishes like country chicken, a tangy dish seasoned with garlic and ginger, and pepper water, a spicy tomato-chili sauce, ladled on rice with meat on the side.<br /><br />Barry O’Brien, an Anglo-Indian lawmaker in West Bengal’s State Assembly, said most Anglo-Indians were Christians, but he acknowledged that there were no longer enough of them to fill their own churches. He said the distinct Anglo-Indian lifestyle, so faithfully adhered to by people like Mrs. Martyr, would probably not outlive them.<br /><br />“It’s going to be gone, completely, within a few years, and with it, a unique memory of the British in India,” Mr. O’Brien said.<br /><br />The culture dates to the late 18th century, when British employees of the East India Company began to marry Indian women in substantial numbers and have children. By the late 19th century, as more British women migrated to India, cross-cultural marriages dwindled. But by then, Anglo-Indians had achieved a privileged, if curious, place in Indian life.<br /><br />Though their lifestyles were more British than Indian, Anglo-Indians rarely mixed with Britons as equals. The British generally looked down on Anglo-Indians, who tended to consider themselves superior to Indians.<br /><br />Some confusion persists among Anglo-Indians about what it means to be British. When asked what food she likes, Mrs. Martyr replied: “Oh, English, like you eat in England — curries and cutlets. And some Indian food, like dal.”<br /><br />In some respects, Anglo-Indians tended to be socially progressive, Mr. O’Brien said. By the early 20th century, he said, many Anglo-Indian women worked outside the home, at a time when few middle-class Indian women did. They established an English-language education system, financed by the British, and a vast network of social clubs.<br /><br />“All the Indians wanted to be Anglo-Indian,” said Malcolm Booth, 83, the honorary general secretary of the All-India Anglo-Indian Association. Portraits of dark-eyed, pale-skinned men in suits hung on the walls of his Delhi office, where, dressed in 1950s-style paisley-patterned suspenders, he sipped tea.<br /><br />A former railroad engineer, Mr. Booth defines Anglo-Indian more strictly than the Constitution does. He regards Goans with Portuguese and French ancestry as pretenders, even though the constitutional definition, once used to ensure job quotas and other privileges for Anglo-Indians, accepts any European ancestry on the father’s side.<br /><br />Along with educational and social benefits, Anglo-Indians received preferential pay during British rule, according to Mr. Booth. In the 1940s, he said, a British train engineer earned around 300 rupees a month, while an Anglo-Indian would earn 200 and an Indian 100.<br /><br />The demise of the British Raj was a shock from which the Anglo-Indian community took decades to recover. Many of the better off and more highly skilled left for new lives overseas. Those who stayed lost the privileges to which they had become accustomed. Government financing for separate Anglo-Indian schools, for instance, stopped in 1961.<br /><br />After hiring quotas for Anglo-Indians were abolished, their inability to speak Hindi and other Indian languages took a toll on their employment opportunities.<br /><br />The poverty and isolation that resulted still haunt Anglo-Indian retirement homes like Mrs. Martyr’s, an atmospheric, once-grand building whose residents are far from affluent, paying $65 a month to live there. </span></div> </div>

WHO ARE ANGLO-INDIAN?

||| people & communities ||| CALCUTTA —Entering the crumbling mansion of the Lawrence D’Souza Old Age Home here is a visi...

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